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class="sidebar-sub-headers"><li class="sidebar-sub-header"><a href="/06.Tools/03.windows/04.Windows%E6%B3%A8%E5%86%8C%E8%A1%A8.html#（1）注册表的『备份』" class="sidebar-link">（1）注册表的『备份』</a></li><li class="sidebar-sub-header"><a href="/06.Tools/03.windows/04.Windows%E6%B3%A8%E5%86%8C%E8%A1%A8.html#（2）注册表的『恢复』" class="sidebar-link">（2）注册表的『恢复』</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="/06.Tools/03.windows/04.Windows%E6%B3%A8%E5%86%8C%E8%A1%A8.html#_06-注册表进行『系统优化』" class="sidebar-link">06.注册表进行『系统优化』</a><ul class="sidebar-sub-headers"><li class="sidebar-sub-header"><a href="/06.Tools/03.windows/04.Windows%E6%B3%A8%E5%86%8C%E8%A1%A8.html#（1）设置，关机不啰嗦" class="sidebar-link">（1）设置，关机不啰嗦</a></li><li class="sidebar-sub-header"><a href="/06.Tools/03.windows/04.Windows%E6%B3%A8%E5%86%8C%E8%A1%A8.html#（2）修改win7的预览窗口的大小" class="sidebar-link">（2）修改win7的预览窗口的大小</a></li><li class="sidebar-sub-header"><a href="/06.Tools/03.windows/04.Windows%E6%B3%A8%E5%86%8C%E8%A1%A8.html#（3）隐藏『控制面板』" class="sidebar-link">（3）隐藏『控制面板』</a></li><li class="sidebar-sub-header"><a href="/06.Tools/03.windows/04.Windows%E6%B3%A8%E5%86%8C%E8%A1%A8.html#（4）提高宽带速度" class="sidebar-link">（4）提高宽带速度</a></li><li class="sidebar-sub-header"><a href="/06.Tools/03.windows/04.Windows%E6%B3%A8%E5%86%8C%E8%A1%A8.html#（5）加快关机速度" class="sidebar-link">（5）加快关机速度</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="/06.Tools/03.windows/04.Windows%E6%B3%A8%E5%86%8C%E8%A1%A8.html#_07-利用注册表来确保『信息安全』" class="sidebar-link">07.利用注册表来确保『信息安全』</a><ul class="sidebar-sub-headers"><li class="sidebar-sub-header"><a href="/06.Tools/03.windows/04.Windows%E6%B3%A8%E5%86%8C%E8%A1%A8.html#_7-1-嘘-别让搜索滋露隐私" class="sidebar-link">7.1.嘘!别让搜索滋露隐私</a></li><li class="sidebar-sub-header"><a href="/06.Tools/03.windows/04.Windows%E6%B3%A8%E5%86%8C%E8%A1%A8.html#（2）我的桌面，你别改" class="sidebar-link">（2）我的桌面，你别改</a></li><li class="sidebar-sub-header"><a href="/06.Tools/03.windows/04.Windows%E6%B3%A8%E5%86%8C%E8%A1%A8.html#（3）防范u盘病毒" class="sidebar-link">（3）防范U盘病毒</a></li><li class="sidebar-sub-header"><a href="/06.Tools/03.windows/04.Windows%E6%B3%A8%E5%86%8C%E8%A1%A8.html#（4）完全禁止使用u盘" class="sidebar-link">（4）完全禁止使用U盘</a></li><li class="sidebar-sub-header"><a href="/06.Tools/03.windows/04.Windows%E6%B3%A8%E5%86%8C%E8%A1%A8.html#（5）敏感区域" class="sidebar-link">（5）敏感区域</a></li><li class="sidebar-sub-header"><a href="/06.Tools/03.windows/04.Windows%E6%B3%A8%E5%86%8C%E8%A1%A8.html#（6）注册表锁定、清理与修复" class="sidebar-link">（6）注册表锁定、清理与修复</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="/06.Tools/03.windows/04.Windows%E6%B3%A8%E5%86%8C%E8%A1%A8.html#参考资料" class="sidebar-link">参考资料</a><ul class="sidebar-sub-headers"></ul></li></ul></div></li></ul> </div> <div class="page"> <div class="content"><h1 id="windows系统下『注册表』"><a href="#windows系统下『注册表』" class="header-anchor">#</a> Windows系统下『注册表』</h1> <ul><li>更好的应用『注册表』，更加得心应手的用Windows</li></ul> <h2 id="_01-『注册表』引言"><a href="#_01-『注册表』引言" class="header-anchor">#</a> 01.『注册表』引言</h2> <ul><li>如图，我在知道弄Windows下的快捷方式只后，开始对于下图</li></ul> <p><img src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/HACV/picture/img/%E6%B3%A8%E5%86%8C%E8%A1%A8%E5%BC%95%E8%A8%80.png" alt="注册表引言"></p> <p>这样的Git在我鼠标右键只后出现的东西感兴趣。网上一查，好像和『注册表』有关系？</p> <p>然后，在以前，好像在Windows下，很多人删MySQL删不干净，原因就是『注册表』的原因？</p> <p>我一直都对『注册表』都感兴趣，感觉这样学完之后，对这种人造系统能有像Linux那样的掌控。</p> <ul><li>借助『清华大学的慕课』复习和学习</li></ul> <h2 id="_02-注册表概述"><a href="#_02-注册表概述" class="header-anchor">#</a> 02.注册表概述</h2> <ul><li>Q：注册表是什么？</li></ul> <blockquote><ul><li><p>1、注册表是一个<strong>数据库</strong>，用来存储计算机<strong>软硬件</strong>的各种配置数据。</p></li> <li><p>2、可以用来帮助Windows操作系统控制<strong>硬件</strong>、<strong>软件</strong>、用户环境和操作系统界面等。</p></li></ul></blockquote> <p>在早期的Windows版本中，对计算机软硬件的配置数据，是存放在<code>ini</code>格式的文件中的『现在好像还有这种个人开发者写的软件。。』</p> <p>这样使得，维护和管理变得相当困难『有吗？』</p> <p>为了解决这一弊端，在Window sNT之后，Windows采取了注册表-数据库这样的一种方式</p> <p><img src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/HACV/picture/img/%E6%B3%A8%E5%86%8C%E8%A1%A8%E6%A6%82%E8%BF%B001.png" alt="注册表概述01"></p> <ul><li>如图，注册表是连接Windows操作系统与『硬件、软件、用户环境（用户配置）』之间的1个桥梁。</li></ul> <h2 id="_03-注册表的主要根键"><a href="#_03-注册表的主要根键" class="header-anchor">#</a> 03.注册表的主要根键</h2> <ul><li>打开注册表编辑器</li> <li>主要有5大根键!</li></ul> <p>『Win+R』输入<code>regedit</code>可以查看到根键</p> <p><img src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/HACV/picture/img/%E6%B3%A8%E5%86%8C%E8%A1%A8%E7%9A%84%E4%B8%BB%E8%A6%81%E6%A0%B9%E9%94%AE02.png" alt="注册表的主要根键02"></p> <p>如下，5大根键都是<strong>HKEY</strong>开头，</p> <ul><li><p><strong>HKEY</strong>_CLASSES_ROOT</p> <blockquote><p>hkey_<strong>classes_root</strong></p></blockquote></li> <li><p><strong>HKEY</strong>_CURRENT_USER</p> <blockquote><p>hkey_current_user</p></blockquote></li> <li><p><strong>HKEY</strong>_LOCAL_MACHINE</p> <blockquote><p>hkey_<strong>local_machine</strong></p></blockquote></li> <li><p><strong>HKEY</strong>_USERS</p> <blockquote><p>hkey_<strong>users</strong></p></blockquote></li> <li><p><strong>HKEY</strong>_CURRENT_CONFIG</p> <blockquote><p>hkey_<strong>current_config</strong></p></blockquote></li></ul> <table><thead><tr><th>根键名</th> <th>作用</th></tr></thead> <tbody><tr><td><strong>HKEY</strong>_CLASSES_ROOT</td> <td>包括了所有文件扩展的打开方式和配置信息。『比如.txt，.mp4，.ppt要用PowerPcc来打开，这样的』</td></tr> <tr><td><strong>HKEY</strong>_CURRENT_USER</td> <td>该根键中保存了<strong>当前登录用户</strong>（『多用户操作系统嘛』）的配置信息，这些信息保证不同的用户登录计算机时，使用自己的个性化设置，例如自己定义的墙纸、自己的收件箱、自己的<strong>安全访问权限</strong>等。</td></tr> <tr><td><strong>HKEY</strong>_LOCAL_MACHINE</td> <td>保存计算机的系统信息、软件设置（比如软件位置，是否注册，版本号等等），和用户无关。</td></tr> <tr><td><strong>HKEY</strong>_USERS</td> <td>该根键中包含了用户根据个人爱好所设置的诸如<strong>桌面</strong>、<strong>背景</strong>、<strong>开始菜单程序项</strong>、应用程序快捷键、显示字体及显示器节能设置等信息。</td></tr> <tr><td><strong>HKEY</strong>_CURRENT_CONFIG</td> <td>包含<strong>所有连接</strong>到本计算机上的<strong>硬件</strong>的配置数据，实际上相当于<code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE</code>的一个子部分。『也就是说这2个根键是互相关联的』</td></tr></tbody></table> <ul><li>我们知道，Windows XP之后的Windows操作系统都是多用户、多任务的操作系统。不同的用户可以登录，同一台电脑的Windows，这样<strong>HKEY</strong>_CURRENT_USER</li></ul> <h2 id="_04-注册表编辑器及组策略"><a href="#_04-注册表编辑器及组策略" class="header-anchor">#</a> 04.注册表编辑器及组策略</h2> <ul><li>（1）<strong>注册表编辑器</strong></li></ul> <blockquote><p>为了使用户快捷的图形化的编辑注册表而自带的一个『系统工具』</p> <p>打开方式：</p> <p>『win+R』然后<code>regedit</code>也可输入<code>regedit.exe</code></p></blockquote> <ul><li>（2）<strong>组策略</strong></li> <li>『组策略』它修改的<strong>本质</strong>还是在修改『注册表』，但是给我们一个快速上手，降低门槛的注册表修改工具</li></ul> <blockquote><p>这个工具是，为了方便用户<strong>安全快速</strong>地修改注册表中<strong>常用</strong>配置项目，而不是像通过『注册表』那样修改一样，需要精确的知道修改哪些子健？在哪个子键里面修改什么内容？</p> <ul><li>它与『注册表不同的是，它并不是5大根键』，而是一些用户友好的，带有图形化界面的1些说明选项</li> <li><img src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/HACV/picture/img/%E7%BB%84%E7%AD%96%E7%95%A503.png" alt="组策略03"></li></ul> <p>打开方式：</p> <p>『win+R』然后<code>gpedit.msc</code>注意，后缀一定要带上</p></blockquote> <h3 id="_1、windows10测试失败？"><a href="#_1、windows10测试失败？" class="header-anchor">#</a> 1、Windows10测试失败？</h3> <p><img src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/HACV/picture/img/windows10test04.png" alt="windows10test04"></p> <p>Tips：<strong>『win+R』=“运行”</strong></p> <h3 id="_2、组策略打开失败的原因"><a href="#_2、组策略打开失败的原因" class="header-anchor">#</a> 2、组策略打开失败的原因</h3> <p>我的Windows系统版本为
**『Windows 10家庭中文版』**也就是『Windows Home版』
2017 Microsoft Corporation。保留所有权利。</p> <p>然后网上说：XP的home版不可运行gpedit.msc</p> <p>寻找解决方案：网上有</p> <h3 id="_3、教育版windows打开这个方案的方法"><a href="#_3、教育版windows打开这个方案的方法" class="header-anchor">#</a> 3、教育版Windows打开这个方案的方法</h3> <h2 id="_05-『注册表』修改前的注意事项！"><a href="#_05-『注册表』修改前的注意事项！" class="header-anchor">#</a> 05.『注册表』修改前的注意事项！</h2> <p><img src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/HACV/picture/img/05.png" alt="05"></p> <p>注意：对注册表的修改，是会立即自动保存的**，不需要你特别点1个保存按钮！！！**</p> <h3 id="（1）注册表的『备份』"><a href="#（1）注册表的『备份』" class="header-anchor">#</a> （1）注册表的『备份』</h3> <ul><li>『Win+R』然后<code>regedit</code></li> <li>选择『导出』</li> <li><img src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/HACV/picture/img/%E5%A4%87%E4%BB%BD.png" alt="备份"></li> <li>然后发现：</li> <li>对话框的作用：将哪些分支，备份，然后你保存到的位置。</li></ul> <p><img src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/HACV/picture/img/%E5%A4%87%E4%BB%BD1.png" alt="备份1"></p> <h3 id="（2）注册表的『恢复』"><a href="#（2）注册表的『恢复』" class="header-anchor">#</a> （2）注册表的『恢复』</h3> <ul><li>相应的，按下『导入』，然后导入注册表</li> <li>会弹出</li> <li><img src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/HACV/picture/img/%E6%81%A2%E5%A4%8D.png" alt="恢复"></li></ul> <p>进度框完毕之后，就OK了。</p> <p>强调：虽然，我们对注册表进行了备份，但是一旦你的操作导致了系统崩溃或者系统无法启动，你将无法通过</p> <p>通常的途径，打开Windows的注册表编辑器，通过文件导入的方式从『备份文件』中恢复你的注册表。</p> <p>这时，你将不得不，通过插入U盘，启动盘等方式来引导电脑开启，然后运行系统盘下、Windows目录下、system32目录下的regedit.exe『但是，我看到的是<code>regedt32.exe</code>』</p> <p>再次单击，文件导入，从你的备份中恢复你的注册表。</p> <h2 id="_06-注册表进行『系统优化』"><a href="#_06-注册表进行『系统优化』" class="header-anchor">#</a> 06.注册表进行『系统优化』</h2> <h3 id="（1）设置，关机不啰嗦"><a href="#（1）设置，关机不啰嗦" class="header-anchor">#</a> （1）设置，关机不啰嗦</h3> <p><img src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/HACV/picture/img/%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E4%BC%98%E5%8C%9601.png" alt="系统优化01"></p> <h3 id="（2）修改win7的预览窗口的大小"><a href="#（2）修改win7的预览窗口的大小" class="header-anchor">#</a> （2）修改win7的预览窗口的大小</h3> <p><img src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/HACV/picture/img/%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E4%BC%98%E5%8C%9602.png" alt="系统优化02"></p> <p>所谓『预览窗口』是指，我们在指向任务栏已打开窗口的图标的时候。所弹出的这样一个小的预览窗口</p> <p><img src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/HACV/picture/img/%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E4%BC%98%E5%8C%9603.png" alt="系统优化03"></p> <h3 id="（3）隐藏『控制面板』"><a href="#（3）隐藏『控制面板』" class="header-anchor">#</a> （3）隐藏『控制面板』</h3> <p>我们知道，系统的控制面板当中，包含了一些系统的配置信息，如果有时我们不想让别人乱动这些设置的话。</p> <p>我们可能就要想办法把控制面板隐藏。或者隐藏『控制面板』中的某些项目</p> <p><img src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/HACV/picture/img/%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E4%BC%98%E5%8C%9604.png" alt="系统优化04"></p> <p>如果想要隐藏，控制面板当中的某些控制项目。我们可以通过组策略编辑器，进行设置。</p> <p>『注意：我们该如何知道，我们需要加哪些值呢？对应的是哪些控制项目』</p> <p>我们具体的可以去这个网站MSDN官网。<a href="https://docs.microsoft.com/zh-cn/windows/win32/shell/controlpanel-canonical-names?redirectedfrom=MSDN" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">传送门<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15" class="icon outbound"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path> <polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg></a></p> <p><img src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/HACV/picture/img/%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E4%BC%98%E5%8C%9605.png" alt="系统优化05"></p> <h3 id="（4）提高宽带速度"><a href="#（4）提高宽带速度" class="header-anchor">#</a> （4）提高宽带速度</h3> <ul><li>大部分都在使用『宽带网』</li> <li>宽带网速度不够快的原因，可能：</li> <li>1、宽带本身不快</li> <li>2、Windows对可支配的『带宽』进行保留</li></ul> <p><img src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/HACV/picture/img/%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E4%BC%98%E5%8C%9606.png" alt="系统优化06"></p> <h3 id="（5）加快关机速度"><a href="#（5）加快关机速度" class="header-anchor">#</a> （5）加快关机速度</h3> <ul><li>因为Windows在关机之前，可能会等待一些还没有完全关闭，退出的进程，来关闭结束，而这个等待需要一定的时间。</li> <li>我们可以通过修改注册表，减少这个等待时间，来加快关机速度。</li> <li>『注意，下面的2000，时间单位是ms（毫秒）』</li></ul> <p><img src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/HACV/picture/img/%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E4%BC%98%E5%8C%9607.png" alt="系统优化07"></p> <h2 id="_07-利用注册表来确保『信息安全』"><a href="#_07-利用注册表来确保『信息安全』" class="header-anchor">#</a> 07.利用注册表来确保『信息安全』</h2> <h3 id="_7-1-嘘-别让搜索滋露隐私"><a href="#_7-1-嘘-别让搜索滋露隐私" class="header-anchor">#</a> 7.1.嘘!别让搜索滋露隐私</h3> <p><img src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/HACV/picture/img/%E4%BF%A1%E6%81%AF%E5%AE%89%E5%85%A801.png" alt="信息安全01"></p> <p><img src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/HACV/picture/img/%E4%BF%A1%E6%81%AF%E5%AE%89%E5%85%A802.png" alt="信息安全02"></p> <h3 id="（2）我的桌面，你别改"><a href="#（2）我的桌面，你别改" class="header-anchor">#</a> （2）我的桌面，你别改</h3> <ul><li>有一些流氓软件，会自动下载并捆绑，在桌面上创建一系列快捷方式，甚至可能在任务栏中绑定一些相关的插件。</li> <li>不小心中招的话，清理起来比较麻烦</li> <li>通过修改注册表的方式，来预防对桌面的某些改动</li></ul> <p><img src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/HACV/picture/img/%E4%BF%A1%E6%81%AF%E5%AE%89%E5%85%A803.png" alt="信息安全03"></p> <h3 id="（3）防范u盘病毒"><a href="#（3）防范u盘病毒" class="header-anchor">#</a> （3）防范U盘病毒</h3> <ul><li>这个功能对我们来说比较重要，因为U盘是病毒的1个主要的传播方式</li></ul> <p><img src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/HACV/picture/img/%E4%BF%A1%E6%81%AF%E5%AE%89%E5%85%A804.png" alt="信息安全04"></p> <h3 id="（4）完全禁止使用u盘"><a href="#（4）完全禁止使用u盘" class="header-anchor">#</a> （4）完全禁止使用U盘</h3> <ul><li>为了保障计算机安全，不希望，无关人员通过U盘将计算机里面的数据拷贝出去</li> <li>那么我们可以通过，完全禁止使用U盘的方式进行</li></ul> <p><img src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/HACV/picture/img/%E4%BF%A1%E6%81%AF%E5%AE%89%E5%85%A805.png" alt="信息安全05"></p> <h3 id="（5）敏感区域"><a href="#（5）敏感区域" class="header-anchor">#</a> （5）敏感区域</h3> <ul><li>系统启动时自动执行相关程序（也就是所谓的『开机启动』）</li> <li>因为我们防范病毒，可以通过经常浏览这些敏感区域，发现异常项之后，及时清楚的方式，来避免病毒的开机启动</li></ul> <p><img src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/HACV/picture/img/%E4%BF%A1%E6%81%AF%E5%AE%89%E5%85%A806.png" alt="信息安全06"></p> <h3 id="（6）注册表锁定、清理与修复"><a href="#（6）注册表锁定、清理与修复" class="header-anchor">#</a> （6）注册表锁定、清理与修复</h3> <ul><li>如果大家不想要『注册表』被随意改动，我们可以『锁定』注册表的方式进行</li> <li>由于：软件的安装和卸载，经常会在『注册表』中留下很多已经失效的垃圾条目，所以，我们可以对『注册表』进行定期的清理。软件如下</li></ul> <p><img src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/HACV/picture/img/%E4%BF%A1%E6%81%AF%E5%AE%89%E5%85%A807.png" alt="信息安全07"></p> <h2 id="参考资料"><a href="#参考资料" class="header-anchor">#</a> 参考资料</h2> <ul><li><a href="https://www.xuetangx.com/course/THU08091000326/5882756?channel=search_result" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">《计算机文化基础》<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15" class="icon outbound"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path> <polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg></a>，学堂在线</li> <li><a href="https://hacv.gitee.io/command/#/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Windows命令行9讲<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15" class="icon outbound"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path> <polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg></a>，HACV</li></ul></div> <div class="page-edit"><!----> <!----></div> <!----> </div> <!----></div></div>
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